SCOPE AND FORMAT OF REPORT

This study is divided into sections. The first section is a general overview that describes the history and development of forensic science and introduces the products/technologies in use today. The second section starts with a description of the forensic science industry, including principal customers and company types The second section continues with a short introduction to the main product/market categories and then the bulk of the information in this report is found in subsections devoted to each category. The first subsection describes the forensic analytical instrumentation market with descriptions of the major product categories, market value and trends as well as company profiles. The second, third and fourth subsections have a similar format to the first and describe the drug identification and toxicology market, the forensic biology market (including DNA profiling) and the fingerprinting/biometric market respectively. The final section describes forensic products and technologies in development or those likely to be used often in the future. Other than a few exceptions (such as offender fingerprinting products), this manuscript will only cover products used in crime laboratories, not products used by law enforcement agencies.

METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES

This report was prepared with information gathered from primary source interviews with company and government employees, scientists, as well as secondary source materials that include journal articles, trade literature, government and other organizations’ documents/reports, company annual reports, 10K reports, and textbooks.


Table of contents:
Title

Introduction
Study Goals And Objectives
Reasons For Doing This Study And Its Importance
Contributions Of This Study And Audience For Report
Scope And Format Of Report
Methodology And Information Sources
Disclaimer
Related Bcc Publications
Bcc On-Line Services
Direct Access

Summary

General Overview
What Is Forensic Science?
History Of Forensic Science
Forensic Laboratories In The U.S.
Role Of Forensic Science In The Legal System
Crime Rates And Forensic Evidence Analyses
Background Information About Forensic Science And Products
Physical Evidence, Collection And Storage
Main Categories Of Products
Analytical Instrumentation And Supplies
Organic And Inorganic Chemical Analysis Of Evidence And Products
Techniques Used In Organic Analysis
Techniques Used In Organic Analysis
General Analytical Instruments Used In Forensics
Sales Trends In Analytical Instrumentation
Products Used To Analyze And Identify Drugs And Toxicology Specimens
Sales Trends In Drug And Toxicology Products
Identifying Individuals: Dna Profiling And Fingerprinting Products
Sales Trends In Identification Products

The Forensic Science Industry: Overview, Markets And Products
Overview
Companies Involved With The Industry
Analytical Instrumentation
Drug Identification And Toxicology Analysis
Dna Profiling
Fingerprinting/Biometrics
Customers Of The Industry
Government Regulation
International Issues
Major Issues In The Forensic Science Industry And Forces For Change
Conclusions, Lead-In To This Report And Summary Of Different Product Markets To Be Discussed In This Manuscript
Forensic Analytical Instruments And Supplies Market
Introduction
Market By Product Type And Application
Instrument Categories, Pricing And Numbers Of Instruments Per Forensic Laboratory
Forensic Analytical Instrument Product Categories And Applications
Techniques Used To Analyze Organic Forensic Evidence
Chromatography
Description Of Chromatography
The Types Of Chromatography Systems Used In Forensics
Description Of Gas Chromatography (Gc) And Detectors Used In Forensics
Description Of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (Hplc) And Detectors Used In Forensics
Description Of Thin-Layer Chromatography (Tlc)
Forensic Chromatography Supplies
Applications Of Chromatography In Forensics
Mass Spectrometers And Chromatography Hyphenated Products
Description Of Mass Spectrometry
Hyphenated Ms/Chromatography Systems Used In Forensics
Forensic Applications Of Ms And Hyphenated Chromatography Systems
Spectrophotometry
Description Of Spectrophotometry And Types Of Instruments Used In Forensics
Uv/Visible Spectrophotometry
Infrared (Ir) Spectrophotometry
Forensic Applications Of Spectrophotometry
Techniques Used To Analyze Inorganic Forensic Evidence
Introduction And The Role Of Inorganic Evidence In Forensic Investigations
Techniques To Analyze Trace Elements In Forensic Evidence
Emission Spectroscopy
Atomic Absorption (Aa) Spectrophotometry
Neutron Activation Analysis
Forensic Applications Of Trace Elemental Analysis Instruments
Techniques To Determine The Identity Of Forensic Evidence
Forensic Applications Of Elemental Chemical Identification
General Analytical Instruments Used In Forensics And Applications
Microscopes
General Forensic Applications Of Microscopes
Descriptions Of Microscopes And Specific Forensic Applications
Fluorescent Light Sources
Specific Details On Important Forensic Applications Of Analytical Instruments
Hair Analysis
Species And Individual Determination
Hair Color And Other Points For Comparison
Fiber Analysis
Paint Analysis
Fire Debris And Explosives Analysis
Questioned Document Analysis
Firearms Identification
Automated Search Systems For Firearm Identification
Drugfire
Integrated Ballistic Identification System (Ibis)
Main Suppliers And Market Shares
Introduction
Suppliers Of Forensic Organic And Inorganic Analysis Instruments
Perkin Elmer (Pe)
Hewlett Packard (Hp)
Waters/Micromass
Microscopes
Forensic Light Sources
Sales And Forecasts
Tables
Explanation Of Sales Estimates And Forecasts
Procedures For Determining Estimates And Forecasts
Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry
Total Chromatography And Ms Forensic Instrument Sales
Forensic Chromatography Instrument Sales
Forensic Mass Spectrometer And Hyphenated Ms/Chromatography Instrument Sales
Forensic Gc And Hplc Column And Supply Sales
Forensic Spectrophotometry Instrument Sales
Forensic Inorganic Analysis Instrument Sales
Forensic Microscope Sales
Forensic Light Source Sales
Forensic Analytical Instrument Company Profiles

Drug Identification And Toxicological Analysis—Important Application Markets Of Analytical Instruments
Introduction
Drug Identification Market
Drugs Commonly Encountered In The U.S.
Narcotics
Hallucinogens
Depressants
Stimulants
Products Used To Identify Drugs
Rapid Screening Tests
Color Tests
Specific Products, Pricing And Suppliers
Microcrystalline Tests
Analytical Instrument Tests For Suggestive Identification And Confirmation
The Market For Drug Identification Testing
Sales Of Drug Identification Products
Introduction And Explanation Of Sales Calculations
Company Profiles
Toxicology Market
Alcohol Analysis
Drug And Poison Analysis
Drug Analysis
Enzyme Immunoassay Screening For Drugs
Enzyme Immunoassays And Suppliers
Radioimmunoassays And Suppliers
Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassays (Fpia) And Suppliers
Confirmatory Drug Tests
Poison Analysis
The Market For Forensic Toxicology Testing Products
Sales Of Forensic Toxicology Products
Introduction And Explanation Of Sales Calculations
Company Profiles

Forensic Biology Market
Serology Market Introduction
Serological Characterization Of Bloodstains
Preliminary Color Tests
Confirmatory And Species Determination Tests
Serological Characterization Of Semen
Forensic Dna Profiling Introduction
Basic Genetic Definitions
More Terms Used In Dna Profiling
Codis Databases For Storing And Searching Dna Profiles
Dna Profiling Techniques
Extraction And Quantification Of Dna As Well As Suppliers
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (Rflp) Method For Dna Profiling And Suppliers
Rflp Probe Systems Commonly Used In Forensics And Suppliers
History Of Use And Trends In Rflp In Dna Profiling
Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr) Dna Profiling
Pcr Vs. Rflp/Southern Analysis
The Pcr Process
Pcr Systems Used In Forensic Dna Profiling And Suppliers
D1s80
Dqa1 System
Amplitype? Polymarker (Pm) Pcr Typing System
Short Tandem Repeat (Str) Typing
Str Vs. Rflp And Previously Described Types Of Pcr Profiling
Description Of Strs And The Profiling Procedure
Str Systems Used, Suppliers And The Status Of Str Testing
Mitochondrial Dna Profiling
Forensic Biology Products Market
Product Types, Applications, Suppliers And Pricing
Analytical Instrumentation
Sequencing
Genetic Analyzer/Capillary Electrophoresis
Scanning Devices
Thermal Cyclers
Electrophoresis Equipment/Reagents
Dna Extraction And Quantification Kits
Rflp Kits
Pcr And Str Kits
The Market For Dna Profiling Products
The Role Of Dna Evidence In Law Enforcement And In The Legal System Today
Public Laboratories Performing Dna Analysis
Private Laboratories Performing Dna Analysis
Equipment And Products Used By Laboratories
Sales And Forecasts
Tables
Explanation Of Sales Estimates And Forecasts
Procedures For Determining Estimates And Forecasts
Rflp/Pcr/Str Kits And Reagents
Thermal Cycling Instruments
Str Analysis Instruments
Electrophoresis Instruments
Summary Of Total Values
Sample Preparation, Rflp, Pcr And Str Kits And Reagents Sales Values
Sample Numbers And Usage Of Different Kits
Sample Preparation Kits Values
Rflp Kits And Electrophoresis Reagents Values
Pcr Dot Blot Kits Values
Str Kits Values
Str Reagents Values
Pcr/Str Instrument Sales Values
Thermal Cyclers
Str Instruments
Future Advances In Dna Profiling
Dna Chip Technology
Maldi-Tof Mass Spectrometry
Fta? Collection Cards
Company Profiles

Forensic Fingerprinting Market
History Of Fingerprinting
Principles Of Fingerprints Making Them Useful Identifiers
Fingerprint Ridges And Ridge Characteristics
Classification Of Fingerprints
Introduction
Henry And Fbi Systems For Classifying, Storing, Retrieving And Searching For Fingerprints
Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (Afis)
Product Types And Applications
Introduction
Obtain Offender Ten-Prints
Products Used To Obtain Known Or Criminal Ten-Prints And Suppliers
Methods And Products Involving Ink
Semi-Inkless And Inkless Methods
Ten-Print Fingerprint Cards
Electronic
Live-Scan Products
Card-Scan Products
Printers Used In Conjunction With Above Systems
Products Used To Develop And Preserve Crime Scene Prints And Suppliers
Fingerprint Powders For Prints On Hard, Non-Porous Substances
Chemical Products Used To Recover Prints
Super Glue? Fuming And Other Products To Recover Prints On Metal, Tape, Leather And Plastic
Chemical Products For Use On Soft And Porous Substances Such As Paper And Wood
Iodine Fuming
Ninhydrin
Silver Nitrate
Fluorescent Chemicals For Visualization Of Prints
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
Products To Preserve Crime Scene Prints
Lifting Tape And Backing Cards
Photography Supplies
Magnifiers
Digital Imaging Enhancement Software
Afis
Product Pricing And Market For Fingerprinting Products
Market For Ten-Print Products
Market For Ten-Print Ink, Inkless And Semi-Inkless Products
Market For Electronic Products
Market For Crime Scene Print Products
Market For Afis
Sales And Forecasts
Tables
Procedures For Determining Estimates, Forecasts And Values
Summary Of Values
Ten-Print Ink And Cards
Latent Print Products
Procedures For Determining Values
Values
Live-Scan, Card-Scan And Afis
Procedures For Determining Values And Values For Live-Scan And Card-Scan Products
Procedures For Determining Values And Values For Afis
Procedures For Determining Values And Values For Afis/Live-Scan/Card-Scan Systems Maintenance
Company Profiles

Trends And Advances In Forensic Science
Introduction
Digital Photography
Introduction
Digital Versus Conventional Photography
The Kodak Digital Science? Digital Darkroom
Cost And Time Savings With Digital Photography
The Market For Digital Photography
Company Profiles
Computer Evidence Discovery
Company Profiles
Automated Systems For Hair Comparisons, Chemical Comparisons And Catalogs
Laboratory Information Management Systems (Lims)
The Market For Lims
Company Profiles

Summary Table
U.S. Value For Forensic Products
1 Forensic Applications For Different Instruments
2 Pricing And Numbers Of Analytical Instruments In Forensic Laboratories/Departments
3 Market Leaders Supplying Analytical Instruments
4 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry Market
5 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Analytical Instrument Market Excluding Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry As Well As Instrument Sum Totals
6 U.S. Market Share Of Forensic Analytical Instruments
7 Drug Test Reagents And Their Reactions
8 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Drug Identification Market
9 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Immunoassay Market
10 Dna Profiling Product Types, Applications, Suppliers And Pricing
11 Rflp, Pcr And Str Profiling Kits Commonly Used
12 Numbers Of Instruments Owned By Forensic Laboratories
13 Numbers Of Samples Collected, Analyzed And Procedures Used
14 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Biology Market—Sample Preparation And Rflp
15 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Biology Market— Pcr/Str Kits And Reagents
16 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Biology Market—Pcr/Str Instruments
17 1999 U.S. Market Share Of Forensic Biology Products
18 Fingerprinting Product Types, Applications And Suppliers
19 Pricing And Numbers Of Fingerprint Systems/ Supplies Used
20 Numbers Of Criminal Fingerprint Cards Submitted To State Repositories
21 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Fingerprinting Market
22 1999 U.S. Market Share Of Forensic Fingerprinting Products

Summary Figure
U.S. Value For Forensic Products
1 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry Market
2 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Analytical Instrument Market Excluding Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry As Well As Instrument Sum Totals
3 U.S. Market Share Of Forensic Analytical Instruments
4 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Immunoassay Market
5 The Pcr Process
6 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Biology Market—Sample Preparation And Rflp
7 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Biology Market— Pcr/Str Kits And Reagents
8 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Biology Market—Pcr/Str Instruments
9 Value Of The U.S. Forensic Fingerprinting Market